Identifying Physical Coherence Factors During User-object Interaction in Extended Reality (XR)

•  Identify  the Physical Coherence factors that significantly influence "presence" during user-object interactions.
•  Analyze  the impact and relative importance of Physical Coherence factors on the sense of presence
•  Derive  a user response function for a given XR environment

A) Main Experiment Setup

B) Main Experiment Procedure

*All stimuli were created through Spark AR Lens Studio

Markov Chain Analysis

• Transition probability based on transition matrix
• Transition flow
• Final state

Statistical Testing

• Mann-Whitney U Test
• ANOVA

Example of transition flow:

•  Force  was found to be the most contributing factor to presence, followed by occlusion and lighting
•  Force and occlusion  affect the interactivity, while lighting affects the visual-sensory aspects of an XR environment
• Sufficiently realistic and predictable movements of a virtual object can compensate for its visual discrepancy from reality in XR
• The degree of  interactivity  of an XR environment is of essence to generate a high level of presence.

Publication in the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2023)

• Lim, C., & Ji, Y. G. (2023). The effects of physical coherence factors on presence in extended reality (xr). International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 172, 102994.